After entering the winter, the haze everywhere began to make a comeback. Do you know how to effectively protect in smog days?

The General Office of the National Health Commission has recently published the "Guidelines for Health Protection of Air Pollution (Haze) Populations", which proposes that sensitive populations such as the elderly, young, pregnant, patients with chronic diseases, and long-term outdoor workers are the three key populations for haze pollution protection, and it is recommended Primary schools and kindergartens are equipped with air purifiers.

Haze is a weather phenomenon in which a large number of atmospheric aerosol particles with a particle size of several microns or less make the horizontal visibility less than 10.0km and the air generally turbid. The guidelines put forward that the direct impact of haze pollution on health is mainly irritation and acute effects. The main manifestations are: eye and throat irritation, cough, difficulty breathing, nasal congestion, runny nose, rash, etc., upper respiratory tract infection, asthma, conjunctivitis, bronchial Inflammation and other diseases have increased symptoms, and the incidence, medical consultation, and hospital admissions of some respiratory and cardiovascular diseases have increased. At the same time, the appearance of haze will also weaken ultraviolet radiation, affect the body's vitamin D synthesis, cause high incidence of rickets in children, and increase the activity of infectious bacteria in the air. Haze can also affect people's mental health, causing people to produce negative emotions such as depression and pessimism.

According to the guideline, there are three main groups of key populations for haze pollution protection. The first category is sensitive groups such as children, the elderly, and pregnant women; the second category is patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The third category is those who work outdoors for a long time, such as traffic police, sanitation workers, and construction workers.

The National Health Commission emphasized that as the first person responsible for their own health, individuals need to strengthen self-health protection, learn haze prevention knowledge, master haze prevention skills, correctly use haze prevention tools, reduce their own exposure, and maintain their own health. Especially for the key populations of haze pollution, it is necessary to master corresponding protective measures and skills. For example, in mild haze weather, children, the elderly, pregnant women, and patients with cardiopulmonary diseases should reduce going out and outdoor exercise, exercise more indoors or adjust exercise time, and try to avoid exercising out during peak haze pollution; children in moderate haze weather , The elderly, pregnant women and patients with cardiopulmonary diseases should avoid going out and outdoor sports; in severe haze weather: children, the elderly, pregnant women and patients with cardiopulmonary diseases should stay indoors; when key populations must go out, they should wear protection with breathing valves Masks should be consulted with professional physicians before wearing masks; outdoor workers should wear masks with anti-haze function. Change clothes, wash face, nasal cavity and bare skin in time when you return home.

The guidelines also propose that public places with a large number of indoor people should be ventilated in a timely manner according to the degree of air pollution, and fresh air should be added to filter and remove fine particles. Indoor places such as kindergartens, primary and middle schools, offices, indoor fitness places, etc., are recommended to be equipped with air purifiers to minimize PM2.5 concentration; when conditions permit, fresh air devices can be used to introduce fresh air to prevent excessive carbon dioxide concentration. In severe haze weather, kindergartens and schools should suspend outdoor group activities and try to avoid indoor sports.

The National Health and Health Commission recommends that individuals who are involved in haze pollution emissions should start by themselves and actively participate in outdoor air quality improvement actions. Especially when haze pollution is serious, they should reduce the source of air haze pollution and minimize their burns. Behaviours such as coal, driving less, and not barbecuing, stick to healthy lifestyles.